Geography

Variations of temperature, pressure and density are much larger in vertical directions than in horizontal. This strong vertical variations result in the atmosphere being stratified in layers that have small horizontal variability compare to the variations in the vertical. The atmosphere can be divided into five layers according to the diversity of temperature and density. … Read more

Feminisation of agriculture refers to the increasing number of women in multiple roles as labourers, cultivators, farmers and entrepreneurs in agricultural sector.  According to agricultural census 2011, there has been a 24 per cent increase in the number of female agricultural labourers between 2001 and 2011, from 49.5 million to 61.6 million. Women in rural … Read more

Composite lava are highly viscous with a high melting point. They are light colored and have low density, and have a high percentage of silica. They flow slowly and seldom travel far before solidifying. The resultant cone is therefore steep sided.  The rapid solidifying of lava in the vent obstruct the flow of the out-pouring … Read more

Storage of food grains in open space Normally storage in open in the form of CAP is supposed to be resorted to during peak procurement seasons. The storage in the CAP should not be more than a year with at least one turn-over of the stock every 6 months to retain the quality of the … Read more

Soil erosion : It is the process by which top layer of soil gets removed thus affecting the productivity by altering the structure of the soil. It is a natural process but human intervention has accentuated the rate of depletion of soil wealth. Soil Degradation:  It is a process through which qualitative degradation of soil … Read more

Tertiary coal 15 to 60 million years old. Carbon content is very low.Mainly confined to the extra-Peninsula [Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh etc.]Coal generally has low carbon and high percentage of moisture and Sulphur.It takes few hundred million years for the carbon content to improve.Important areas of Tertiary coal include parts of … Read more

It is the lower most layer of atmosphere. It extends up to 18km at equator, 13 km at midlatitude and about 8km at poles.It contains approximately 90% of the total mass of the atmosphere.The entire weather phenomenon takes place in this layer. It contains all the watervapour, dust particles, clouds etc. In troposphere the temperature … Read more

Tides The ocean’s surface rises and falls predictably attributable to changes in gravitative forces originating from the Moon and also the Sun. These changes in ocean surface level are called tides and are proof of the influence celestial bodies wear our planet. As a result of the Sun is farther away than the Moon, the … Read more

The factors, which affect the distribution of temperature of ocean water are as follows: Latitude: The temperature of surface water decreases from the equator towards the poles because the amount of insolation decreases pole-ward.   Unequal distribution of land and water: The oceans in the northern hemisphere receive more heat due to their contact with … Read more

Sedimentary or detrital rocks :   They Formed as a result of denudation (weathering and erosion).These deposits through compaction turn into rocks. This process is called lithification. Sedimentary rocks Cover 75 per cent of the earth’s crust but volumetrically occupy only 5 per cent. They are layered or stratified of varying thickness. Example: sandstone, shale etc. … Read more