Astivya class notes

Theories of public administration.

Theories of Public Administration Public Administration is an aspect of a more generic concept of administration. Public Administration houses the implementation of government policy and an academic discipline that studies this implementation and that prepares civil servants for this work. Some of the various definitions which have been offered for them are: the management of … Read more

Caste Class & Occupation

Caste ,Class & Occupation The caste system is a classification of people into four hierarchically ranked castes called varnas. They are classified according to occupation and determine access to wealth, power, and privilege. The Brahmans, usually priests and scholars, are at the top. Next are the Kshatriyas, or political rulers and soldiers. They are followed … Read more

Land Revenue System under British Rule

  Since the grant of diwani for Bengal, Bihar and Orissa in 1765, the major concern of the East India Company’s administration in India was to collect as much revenue as possible. Agriculture was the main basis of economy and the main source of income and hence, although the nawabi administration was retained with Muhammad … Read more

Rajasthan : Geological Structure

Geologically Rajasthan comprises rocks from oldest Archean rocks to recent alluvium formations . The oldest formations are known as Banded Gneissic Complex exposed in central and southern Rajasthan. The Aravalli hill range dividing the State diagonally is made up of precambrian rocks of Aravalli and Delhi Super group comprising the metamorphosed gneisses, schists, marble, quartzite, … Read more

AQUA CULTURE

AQUA CULTURE the cultivation of aquatic organisms. aquaculture, also known as aquafarming, implies the cultivation of aquatic populations under controlled conditions. Mariculture refers to aquaculture practiced in marine environments. Particular kinds of aquaculture include agriculture (the production of kelp, seaweed, and other algae), fish farming, shrimp farming, shellfish farming, and growing of cultured pearls. Growth … Read more

Rajasthan: Mislaneous Facts of Rajasthan

15 OCT 2015  Student Day in Rajasthan . former President Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam’s birth anniversary was celebrated as Student Day . 30 crores barrels Cairn India operated by oil reserves of the field, crossing a significant milestone 11 august 2015 has exceeded three hundred million barrels figures. Cairn’s Mangala oil field in Barmer district of … Read more

Gandhi’s early career and activism

Gandhi was the first Indian barrister to have come to South Africa. He was faced with various racial discriminations within days of his arrival in SA. He led the Indian struggle in SA. The first phase of Gandhi’s political activities from 1894-1906 may be classified as the ‘moderate’ phase. He set up the Natal Indian … Read more

Rise of Maratha Empire

  Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj (Shivaji Shahaji Bhosale) was the founder of strong Maratha Empire in the west part of India in 17th Century. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj (Shivaji Shahaji Bhosale) was born in the fort of Shivneri, near from city Junner (Pune District), in the year 1630 (19th February’ 1630). His mother Jijabai Bhosale named him … Read more

Global Warming

An increase in the average temperature of Earth’s near surface air and oceans since the mid-20th century 4th assessment report of IPCC: global temperature increased 74+0.18 degree C during the 20th century. Caused by greenhouse gases Water vapour, Co2, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, Ozone, CFCs (in order of abundance) Since the industrial revolution, the burning of … Read more